Why study for a machine learning engineer degree?

The simple answer is that the industry is growing explosively. Precedence Research points out that the machine learning market was worth $38.11 billion (approx. €35 billion) in 2022. By 2032, it’ll be worth $771.8 billion (approx. €712 billion). That means the machine learning industry will grow by an average of 35.09% per year between now and 2032.

That growth means one thing:

The industry is going to be looking for people with a machine learning engineer education.

If you pursue a machine learning engineer degree with an accredited institution – such as OPIT – you stand to be at the forefront of one of the fastest-growing industries in the world.

Machine Learning Engineer Education: The Foundation of Your Career

You’ll require a bachelor’s degree in a relevant field – such as computer science, at the very minimum, to start a career in machine learning. However, most roles ask for more. A master’s degree in a field like data science or software engineering will make you a more attractive candidate.

Those requirements also indicate the core subjects you’ll study when working toward a degree for machine learning engineer roles. Math, computer science, statistics, and computer science are all fundamentals that are vital to the industry.

As you move onto the master’s track, you’ll start learning more advanced machine-learning concepts, such as algorithms and data analysis.

Degree for Machine Learning Engineer: Choosing the Right Program

Signing up for the first machine learning engineer bachelor’s degree you find is rarely a wise course of action. You need to weigh your options carefully before choosing a course, with the following factors coming into play:

  • Course Content and Curriculum – Look for degrees that include machine learning-specific components – such as feature engineering and model evaluation – ideally with a practical aspect that gives you real-world experience.
  • Course Faculty – The “real-world experience” point also applies to your course’s faculty. The best programs are created by those who have experience in the machine learning industry. They understand what employers want to see, as well as the likely applications for the technical knowledge you’ll develop.
  • Institution Accreditation – A lack of accreditation hurts the credibility of your machine learning engineer degree. Look for a program that’s accredited by a relevant authority, such as the European Qualifications Framework (EQF).
  • The Cost – Master’s degrees in Europe can cost anywhere between €8,000 and €45,000, with the total you’ll pay being a determining factor for which degree you choose. Try to find a balance between the cost and the credibility of the organization offering the degree.

OPIT’s degree programs offer the ideal blend of these factors. They’re affordable – with tuition costing as little as €2,250 per term – and designed by faculty with real-world experience in the machine learning and computer science sector. They’re also accredited by the previously mentioned EQF.

Best Online and Offline Master Programs for Machine Learning Engineering

With the above factors considered, your next choice comes down to location:

Do you study offline or on?

The online course format delivers flexibility, though it means you don’t get to enjoy the on-campus lifestyle. Regardless of which you prefer, the following are the five top machine learning engineer degree courses available in Europe:

OPIT – MSc in Applied Data Science & AI

Beyond excelling in all of the above factors, OPIT’s MSc course offers a mix of live and pre-recorded content to make the online learning experience more interactive. There are no final exams – a relief for students who hate pressure-filled situations – with the course instead focusing on practical assignments with real-world applications.

University of Oxford – MSc in Advanced Computer Science

Offered by one of the U.K.’s leading universities, this MSc takes a broad approach to the AI sector, with machine learning as one of several components. It also covers cybersecurity and the emergence of AI in the medical field. A typical week involves 35 hours of study, eight of which are lectures, with another four covering practical sessions.

University of Cambridge – MPhil in Machine Learning and Machine Intelligence

An 11-month program, this master’s degree covers machine learning, as well as computer vision and robotics, speech and language processing, and how humans interact with computers. Practical exercises also give you a chance to work with Ph.D. students in the machine learning field.

KU Leuven – MSc of Artificial Intelligence

A multidisciplinary program, this master’s degree accepts students with backgrounds in subjects like psychology and economics. As such, it’s a good choice for those who have completed a bachelor’s degree in a non-tech subject and don’t want to restart their education careers. It covers the fundamentals but practically-minded students should beware – the course emphasizes technical knowledge.

Technical University of Munich – Data Engineering and Analytics MSc

Another on-campus degree, TUM’s course covers machine learning, along with key data science techniques such as computer vision and scientific visualization. But the focus is on Big Data – the driving force in everything from machine learning to self-driving vehicles.

The Future of Technology: Machine Learning Applications

You’ve seen the expected industry growth for the machine learning industry, but what about the applications of the knowledge you’ll gain from your machine learning engineer degree?

Simply put – the degree will apply to almost every industry, with a handful of examples including:

  • Facial recognition technology development
  • Financial fraud detection
  • Enhanced analytics for the healthcare sector
  • Predictive analytics
  • Generative AI programs, such as ChatGPT

Online Education Advantages: Flexibility and Accessibility

Let’s assume you’d like to study to become a machine learning engineer but don’t want the on-campus experience for whatever reason. Are online degrees as valuable as their traditional counterparts?

They are, as long as the program is provided by an accredited institution like OPIT. Plus, studying online provides more flexibility in your learning schedule – giving you autonomy in how you complete your studies – and isn’t as individualistic an experience as it seems. For instance, OPIT schedules live video lectures, offers pre-recorded sessions, and creates opportunities for students to work together on real-world projects.

OPIT’s Master’s and Bachelor’s Programs That Help You Become a Machine Learning Engineer

There’s one more thing left to do:

Choose a machine learning engineer degree. OPIT offers three courses that set you on the path to a career in machine learning.

BSc in Modern Computer Science

Think of this course as a foundational machine learning engineer bachelor’s degree. You’ll combine learning about AI with the fundamentals of computer science – programming, data science, and database management, all included.

MSc in Responsible Artificial Intelligence

For those concerned about the ethical implications of AI, the MSc in Responsible Artificial Intelligence covers the machine learning bases. But it also shows you how to use what you’ve learned ethically to create sustainable AI systems.

MSc in Applied Data Science & AI

A more traditional degree for prospective machine learning engineers, this course builds on the previously mentioned BSc, with a specific focus on overcoming real-world problems using machine learning.

Choose OPIT

With the machine learning sector set for such pronounced growth, earning a specialized degree in the field now could set up your career for decades to come. Trust OPIT to provide that degree – it’s an EQF-approved online institution with exceptional degree programs.

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Agenda Digitale: The Five Pillars of the Cloud According to NIST – A Compass for Businesses and Public Administrations
OPIT - Open Institute of Technology
OPIT - Open Institute of Technology
Jun 26, 2025 7 min read

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By Lokesh Vij, Professor of Cloud Computing Infrastructure, Cloud Development, Cloud Computing Automation and Ops and Cloud Data Stacks at OPIT – Open Institute of Technology

NIST identifies five key characteristics of cloud computing: on-demand self-service, network access, resource pooling, elasticity, and metered service. These pillars explain the success of the global cloud market of 912 billion in 2025

In less than twenty years, the cloud has gone from a curiosity to an indispensable infrastructure. According to Precedence Research, the global market will reach 912 billion dollars in 2025 and will exceed 5.1 trillion in 2034. In Europe, the expected spending for 2025 will be almost 202 billion dollars. At the base of this success are five characteristics, identified by the NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology): on-demand self-service, network access, shared resource pool, elasticity and measured service.

Understanding them means understanding why the cloud is the engine of digital transformation.

On-demand self-service: instant provisioning

The journey through the five pillars starts with the ability to put IT in the hands of users.

Without instant provisioning, the other benefits of the cloud remain potential. Users can turn resources on and off with a click or via API, without tickets or waiting. Provisioning a VM, database, or Kubernetes cluster takes seconds, not weeks, reducing time to market and encouraging continuous experimentation. A DevOps team that releases microservices multiple times a day or a fintech that tests dozens of credit-scoring models in parallel benefit from this immediacy. In OPIT labs, students create complete Kubernetes environments in two minutes, run load tests, and tear them down as soon as they’re done, paying only for the actual minutes.

Similarly, a biomedical research group can temporarily allocate hundreds of GPUs to train a deep-learning model and release them immediately afterwards, without tying up capital in hardware that will age rapidly. This flexibility allows the user to adapt resources to their needs in real time. There are no hard and fast constraints: you can activate a single machine and deactivate it when it is no longer needed, or start dozens of extra instances for a limited time and then release them. You only pay for what you actually use, without waste.

Wide network access: applications that follow the user everywhere

Once access to resources is made instantaneous, it is necessary to ensure that these resources are accessible from any location and device, maintaining a uniform user experience. The cloud lives on the network and guarantees ubiquity and independence from the device.

A web app based on HTTP/S can be used from a laptop, tablet or smartphone, without the user knowing where the containers are running. Geographic transparency allows for multi-channel strategies: you start a purchase on your phone and complete it on your desktop without interruptions. For the PA, this means providing digital identities everywhere, for the private sector, offering 24/7 customer service.

Broad access moves security from the physical perimeter to the digital identity and introduces zero-trust architecture, where every request is authenticated and authorized regardless of the user’s location.

All you need is a network connection to use the resources: from the office, from home or on the move, from computers and mobile devices. Access is independent of the platform used and occurs via standard web protocols and interfaces, ensuring interoperability.

Shared Resource Pools: The Economy of Scale of Multi-Tenancy

Ubiquitous access would be prohibitive without a sustainable economic model. This is where infrastructure sharing comes in.

The cloud provider’s infrastructure aggregates and shares computational resources among multiple users according to a multi-tenant model. The economies of scale of hyperscale data centers reduce costs and emissions, putting cutting-edge technologies within the reach of startups and SMBs.

Pooling centralizes patching, security, and capacity planning, freeing IT teams from repetitive tasks and reducing the company’s carbon footprint. Providers reinvest energy savings in next-generation hardware and immersion cooling research programs, amplifying the collective benefit.

Rapid Elasticity: Scaling at the Speed ​​of Business

Sharing resources is only effective if their allocation follows business demand in real time. With elasticity, the infrastructure expands or reduces resources in minutes following the load. The system behaves like a rubber band: if more power or more instances are needed to deal with a traffic spike, it automatically scales in real time; when demand drops, the additional resources are deactivated just as quickly.

This flexibility seems to offer unlimited resources. In practice, a company no longer has to buy excess servers to cover peaks in demand (which would remain unused during periods of low activity), but can obtain additional capacity from the cloud only when needed. The economic advantage is considerable: large initial investments are avoided and only the capacity actually used during peak periods is paid for.

In the OPIT cloud automation lab, students simulate a streaming platform that creates new Kubernetes pods as viewers increase and deletes them when the audience drops: a concrete example of balancing user experience and cost control. The effect is twofold: the user does not suffer slowdowns and the company avoids tying up capital in underutilized servers.

Metered Service: Transparency and Cost Governance

The dynamic scale generated by elasticity requires precise visibility into consumption and expenses : without measurement there is no governance. Metering makes every second of CPU, every gigabyte and every API call visible. Every consumption parameter is tracked and made available in transparent reports.

This data enables pay-per-use pricing , i.e. charges proportional to actual usage. For the customer, this translates into variable costs: you only pay for the resources actually consumed. Transparency helps you plan your budget: thanks to real-time data, it is easier to optimize expenses, for example by turning off unused resources. This eliminates unnecessary fixed costs, encouraging efficient use of resources.

The systemic value of the five pillars

When the five pillars work together, the effect is multiplier . Self-service and elasticity enable rapid response to workload changes, increasing or decreasing resources in real time, and fuel continuous experimentation; ubiquitous access and pooling provide global scalability; measurement ensures economic and environmental sustainability.

It is no surprise that the Italian market will grow from $12.4 billion in 2025 to $31.7 billion in 2030 with a CAGR of 20.6%. Manufacturers and retailers are migrating mission-critical loads to cloud-native platforms , gaining real-time data insights and reducing time to value .

From the laboratory to the business strategy

From theory to practice: the NIST pillars become a compass for the digital transformation of companies and Public Administration. In the classroom, we start with concrete exercises – such as the stress test of a video platform – to demonstrate the real impact of the five pillars on performance, costs and environmental KPIs.

The same approach can guide CIOs and innovators: if processes, governance and culture embody self-service, ubiquity, pooling, elasticity and measurement, the organization is ready to capture the full value of the cloud. Otherwise, it is necessary to recalibrate the strategy by investing in training, pilot projects and partnerships with providers. The NIST pillars thus confirm themselves not only as a classification model, but as the toolbox with which to build data-driven and sustainable enterprises.

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ChatGPT Action Figures & Responsible Artificial Intelligence
OPIT - Open Institute of Technology
OPIT - Open Institute of Technology
Jun 23, 2025 6 min read

You’ve probably seen two of the most recent popular social media trends. The first is creating and posting your personalized action figure version of yourself, complete with personalized accessories, from a yoga mat to your favorite musical instrument. There is also the Studio Ghibli trend, which creates an image of you in the style of a character from one of the animation studio’s popular films.

Both of these are possible thanks to OpenAI’s GPT-4o-powered image generator. But what are you risking when you upload a picture to generate this kind of content? More than you might imagine, according to Tom Vazdar, chair of cybersecurity at the Open Institute of Technology (OPIT), in a recent interview with Wired. Let’s take a closer look at the risks and how this issue ties into the issue of responsible artificial intelligence.

Uploading Your Image

To get a personalized image of yourself back from ChatGPT, you need to upload an actual photo, or potentially multiple images, and tell ChatGPT what you want. But in addition to using your image to generate content for you, OpenAI could also be using your willingly submitted image to help train its AI model. Vazdar, who is also CEO and AI & Cybersecurity Strategist at Riskoria and a board member for the Croatian AI Association, says that this kind of content is “a gold mine for training generative models,” but you have limited power over how that image is integrated into their training strategy.

Plus, you are uploading much more than just an image of yourself. Vazdar reminds us that we are handing over “an entire bundle of metadata.” This includes the EXIF data attached to the image, such as exactly when and where the photo was taken. And your photo may have more content in it than you imagine, with the background – including people, landmarks, and objects – also able to be tied to that time and place.

In addition to this, OpenAI also collects data about the device that you are using to engage with the platform, and, according to Vazdar, “There’s also behavioral data, such as what you typed, what kind of image you asked for, how you interacted with the interface and the frequency of those actions.”

After all that, OpenAI knows a lot about you, and soon, so could their AI model, because it is studying you.

How OpenAI Uses Your Data

OpenAI claims that they did not orchestrate these social media trends simply to get training data for their AI, and that’s almost certainly true. But they also aren’t denying that access to that freely uploaded data is a bonus. As Vazdar points out, “This trend, whether by design or a convenient opportunity, is providing the company with massive volumes of fresh, high-quality facial data from diverse age groups, ethnicities, and geographies.”

OpenAI isn’t the only company using your data to train its AI. Meta recently updated its privacy policy to allow the company to use your personal information on Meta-related services, such as Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp, to train its AI. While it is possible to opt-out, Meta isn’t advertising that fact or making it easy, which means that most users are sharing their data by default.

You can also control what happens with your data when using ChatGPT. Again, while not well publicized, you can use ChatGPT’s self-service tools to access, export, and delete your personal information, and opt out of having your content used to improve OpenAI’s model. Nevertheless, even if you choose these options, it is still worth it to strip data like location and time from images before uploading them and to consider the privacy of any images, including people and objects in the background, before sharing.

Are Data Protection Laws Keeping Up?

OpenAI and Meta need to provide these kinds of opt-outs due to data protection laws, such as GDPR in the EU and the UK. GDPR gives you the right to access or delete your data, and the use of biometric data requires your explicit consent. However, your photo only becomes biometric data when it is processed using a specific technical measure that allows for the unique identification of an individual.

But just because ChatGPT is not using this technology, doesn’t mean that ChatGPT can’t learn a lot about you from your images.

AI and Ethics Concerns

But you might wonder, “Isn’t it a good thing that AI is being trained using a diverse range of photos?” After all, there have been widespread reports in the past of AI struggling to recognize black faces because they have been trained mostly on white faces. Similarly, there have been reports of bias within AI due to the information it receives. Doesn’t sharing from a wide range of users help combat that? Yes, but there is so much more that could be done with that data without your knowledge or consent.

One of the biggest risks is that the data can be manipulated for marketing purposes, not just to get you to buy products, but also potentially to manipulate behavior. Take, for instance, the Cambridge Analytica scandal, which saw AI used to manipulate voters and the proliferation of deepfakes sharing false news.

Vazdar believes that AI should be used to promote human freedom and autonomy, not threaten it. It should be something that benefits humanity in the broadest possible sense, and not just those with the power to develop and profit from AI.

Responsible Artificial Intelligence

OPIT’s Master’s in Responsible AI combines technical expertise with a focus on the ethical implications of AI, diving into questions such as this one. Focusing on real-world applications, the course considers sustainable AI, environmental impact, ethical considerations, and social responsibility.

Completed over three or four 13-week terms, it starts with a foundation in technical artificial intelligence and then moves on to advanced AI applications. Students finish with a Capstone project, which sees them apply what they have learned to real-world problems.

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