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Source:
- Agenda Digitale, published on March 21st, 2025
By Pierluigi Casale (Associate Professor and Area Chair in AI of OPIT, Open Institute of Technology)
AI is revolutionizing institutions and education, but also our daily lives, improving decision-making and energy efficiency, city management, and personalizing learning. Current choices will determine the future of this technology, which must remain a support for humans and not an uncontrolled substitute.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now at the center of a global debate that touches on regulatory, ethical, geopolitical and applicative aspects. Its evolution, from an experimental technology to an essential tool for analysis and automation, has led to the need for a clear regulatory framework and responsible use.
In my role as an official of the European Parliament, I work on the implementation and oversight of AI systems within the European institutions, contributing to the regulation and management of the challenges that this technology brings. It is important to underline that this article represents only my personal opinion and in no way represents an official position of the European Parliament.
Europe and the regulation of artificial intelligence
Europe is tackling the challenge of regulating AI with the AI Act Regulation, the first comprehensive framework for this instrument. The aim is to find a balance between innovation and the protection of fundamental rights, preventing big tech companies from shaping legislation to their advantage.
Artificial intelligence is nothing more than advanced software and, as such, must be carefully regulated. If used correctly, it can represent an extraordinary opportunity to improve the efficiency and accessibility of information, but it is essential to avoid abuse and market distortions. Something is moving. The AI Act came into force on August 1, 2024. Starting from February 2, 2025, new restrictions have been introduced on some AI practices deemed dangerous , while from August 2, 2025, the full application of governance rules and obligations for general AI models will begin, including verification processes to ensure compliance of AI systems already in use in companies and institutions.
The Ethical Challenges and Risks of AI: Bias, Privacy and Autonomy
Yet there are still several aspects to be fixed. One of the most evident problems of AI concerns algorithmic bias. Facial recognition systems, for example, have returned discriminatory content towards ethnic groups not adequately represented in the training data. This is a clear signal of the need for more inclusive and transparent models.
But there are other open problems: regarding privacy, for example, some AI models (such as DeepSeek) collect sensitive data, including the way we type on the keyboard; the issue of the spread of fake news or autonomy of choice is also always current, just think of the risks that delegating critical decisions to AI in the medical, legal or financial fields can entail. Regulation must ensure that AI remains a support tool and not an uncontrolled substitute for human evaluation.
This is the starting point. If established, shared and guaranteed, then AI can truly be the fulcrum around which the industrial revolution of this century revolves. In some areas it is already like this.
The impact of AI on three pillars of our society : institutions, education and daily life
Once this perimeter is defined, artificial intelligence can have a revolutionary impact on three fundamental pillars of our society: institutions, education and the quality of daily life.
AI in Institutions: Opportunities and Limitations
In institutions, AI can improve the efficiency of decision-making processes, data management and infrastructure security, contributing to more transparent and responsive governance; in education systems, it allows for personalizing learning, supporting the development of digital skills and reducing inequalities in access to knowledge; while, in terms of sustainability and urban management, it offers solutions to optimize energy consumption, improve mobility and promote the creation of more resilient and inclusive smart cities. The common thread that unites these areas is the need for synergic and conscious innovation, capable of integrating AI and putting it at the service of man, ensuring that technological progress is not an end in itself, but oriented towards collective well-being and sustainable development.
AI has been introduced in various institutions, including public ones, to support translators, improving productivity and accuracy. Other very advanced systems allow extracting key information from complex legislative texts. AI is used to protect IT infrastructure and manage data. However, there are significant limitations. For example, a large number of these technologies are trained only on majority languages (English, French, German), creating problems for languages whose presence in the digital world is minority, such as Lithuanian or Maltese. Furthermore, with the entry into force of new regulations, it will be essential to verify that all AI systems used in institutions comply with the criteria of transparency, fairness and security.
AI in Education: Personalization and Democratization of Learning
While AI is revolutionizing institutional and legislative dynamics, its impact is equally significant in the field of education, where it offers new opportunities to personalize learning and improve teaching effectiveness. AI is transforming the way we learn and teach. At OPIT, the university where I teach, we use generative AI to personalize training courses, adapting content to the learning style of each student, improve access to information, with tools that explain code and transform programming languages, support students in checking code, identifying errors and suggesting improvements. AI can democratize education, making it more flexible and effective, without replacing the teacher but acting as a Copilot, an intelligent assistant that guides the student on his path.
AI for sustainability and quality of urban life
In addition to transforming institutions and education systems, AI is also proving its value in areas that are crucial to sustainability and quality of life , such as energy efficiency and city management. For example, DeepMind developed an AI system that significantly improved the energy efficiency of Google’s data centres. This system reduced the energy used for cooling by 40%, leading to an overall improvement of 15% in energy efficiency in some data centres. AI now directly controls cooling systems at some sites, again under human supervision, demonstrating the potential of AI to reduce energy consumption in energy-intensive sectors. Or, with products like TomTom’s Traffic Index, it helps redistribute traffic in cities, reducing congestion.
According to one study, using real-time data for traffic management can reduce commute times in cities by 15-20%. In addition, AI could revolutionize urban resource management, although the full realization of smart cities is still far away. The main obstacle remains the lack of adequate infrastructure in public institutions, which often lack the necessary computational resources.

Source:
- Il Sole 24 Ore, published on March 24th, 2025
Just two years after its launch, the online and European-accredited academic institution, whose rector is former minister Francesco Profumo, confirms its growth with over 300 students from 78 countries and an international faculty of excellence.
OPIT (Open Institute of Technology), the European accredited academic institution (www.opit.com), has achieved its first milestone since it entered the higher education market in 2023: 40 students from 6 continents have completed the first master’s degree in Applied Data Science & AI, whose classes began in September two years ago.
The graduation ceremony took place at the central Casino Maltese in Valletta, Malta, where OPIT is regularly accredited, in the presence of Francesco Profumo and Riccardo Ocleppo, respectively Rector and founder, the Maltese Minister Clifton Grima (Education, Sport, Youth, Research and Innovation), and Rose Anne Cuschieri, CEO of the MFHEA authority. In addition to the graduates, the guests included some of the internationally renowned professors of the academic institution, such as Pierluigi Casale, Tomislav Vazdar, Art Sedighi and Francesco Derchi.
The projects
The students’ thesis projects have developed on innovative topics: the use of large language models for the creation of chatbots in the ed-tech field, the digitalization of customer support processes in the paper and non-woven industry, up to personal data protection systems and the use of Artificial Intelligence for environmental sustainability, predictive models for the prevention of disasters linked to climate change, the fight against money laundering, new perspectives of generative AI in the legal field (with a focus on Italian startups such as Giurimatrix). All of this has also been developed thanks to the launch of strategic collaborations with partner companies such as Neperia, Sintica, Cosmico, Dylog, Buffetti Finance and Hype, demonstrating the concrete approach and strong practical component that characterize the OPIT training experience.
“Today we celebrate the first chapter of a journey that will continue to grow with a consolidation of the current educational offering, new courses, doctoral programs, applied research and increasingly advanced training opportunities. We are only at the beginning, but this day demonstrates that OPIT is already a consolidated reality in the international academic panorama and a point of reference for those who want to be protagonists of the digital future” – declared the Rector Francesco Profumo.
The degrees
With two degrees already started in September 2023 – a three-year degree in Modern Computer Science and the aforementioned master’s degree in Applied Data Science & AI – and four more starting in September 2024 (a three-year degree in Digital Business, and the master’s degrees in Enterprise Cybersecurity, Applied Digital Business and Responsible Artificial Intelligence, which brings the total offer to 6 degrees), today OPIT is a point of reference for those who intend to take on the challenges of a job market increasingly oriented towards artificial intelligence and technology in the broad sense. Entirely in English and online, OPIT is enhanced by a high-profile international teaching staff, coming from leading universities and companies at a global level: 45 professors with international experience in both the academic and business worlds. Many of them have collaborated with Amazon, the European Parliament, NASA, Philips and numerous other leading companies, demonstrating the approach based on excellence that the institution has pursued since its foundation.
Evolving educational offering
As part of the development roadmap, OPIT is completing the evolution of its educational offering. Alongside the training programs already underway, 2025 will also be the year in which the research area will develop, paving the way, in the coming years, for doctoral programs and aligning itself even more with what universities around the world are already doing. In particular, OPIT has already started applied research projects with some companies on the topics on which its teaching is based: AI, computer science, cloud computing and cyber security. This year, a pre-degree Foundation Program will also be introduced, designed to provide solid academic foundations to aspiring students who do not meet the admission requirements for three-year degrees.

Source:
- La Stampa, published on March 11th, 2025
By Francesco Profumo
Education must therefore change its paradigm: from a system based on the accumulation of knowledge to a process that teaches how to think.
We live in an era in which access to information has become immediate and unlimited. All it takes is an internet search or a question to a virtual assistant to get answers on any topic. Yet, precisely in a world so saturated with data, a crucial challenge for education emerges: it is no longer enough to teach what to know, but it becomes essential to educate in critical thinking, in the ability to discern, connect and, above all, ask the right questions. After Trump’s election as President of the United States, this need to be able to discern between true and false has become even more important and starting to educate the new generations and re-educate the more mature ones along these lines can no longer be postponed over time.
Until a few decades ago, the value of education was linked to the acquisition of knowledge. Studying meant accumulating notions, mastering facts and concepts and then applying them. Today, however, the context has completely changed. Information is available everywhere, often in real time. The problem is no longer finding it, but understanding which is reliable, which has value and which is, instead, the result of distortions or manipulations. This transformation leads us to radically rethink the educational model: school can no longer be a simple place for transmitting knowledge, but must become an environment in which one learns to reason.
To achieve this, we can look at an ancient and ever-present approach: the Socratic method. Socrates did not give answers, but guided his interlocutors in the search for truth through continuous dialogue. With pressing questions, he pushed them to reflect on their beliefs, to question apparent certainties and to build a more solid and profound understanding of reality. This method, based on maieutics, did not simply transmit notions, but developed a mental attitude: the ability to question, to doubt, to explore with a critical spirit. Today, more than ever, we need to recover this attitude. In a world where technology presents us with a continuous flow of information and artificial intelligence promises to answer all our doubts, what really matters is how we formulate our questions. Knowing how to question reality becomes more important than the simple act of receiving an answer. The advent of artificial intelligence is accelerating the need for an education based on reflection and not on the mere acquisition of data. AI systems can generate texts, solve problems, propose analyses. But those who learn to use them without developing critical thinking risk becoming passive users, unable to distinguish between what is true and what is manipulated, between what is useful and what is irrelevant.
For this reason, the school of the future should transform itself into a laboratory of thought, where students are no longer evaluated only on the basis of the answers they provide, but on the quality of the questions they are able to ask. An education based on the Socratic method could be expressed through lessons focused on comparison, on the critical analysis of sources, on discussions that push students to defend or question different positions. Let’s imagine a classroom in which students do not limit themselves to studying notions, but are guided to explore a topic through open and challenging questions. Instead of explaining a phenomenon, the teacher could start a discussion, encouraging students to think about its causes, its implications, and its connections with other disciplines. Artificial intelligence could also become an active learning tool: not as a simple provider of answers, but as an interlocutor to interact with, to whom to submit increasingly sophisticated questions, experimenting with how the quality of interaction depends on the ability to formulate complex and well-structured questions.
Education must therefore change its paradigm: from a system based on the accumulation of knowledge to a process that teaches how to think. We must train students who are capable of navigating knowledge, not just storing it. In a future where work itself will be increasingly based on the ability to innovate, connect ideas and solve complex problems, these skills will be essential. The great educational challenge of the coming years will no longer be to teach notions, but to cultivate the ability to question the world. The question we must ask ourselves today is not only what we must teach our children, but how we can educate them to think critically and creatively. If we want the new generations to be truly ready to face the era of artificial intelligence, we must offer them something that no machine will ever be able to replace: the ability to ask questions that matter.

Source:
- Avvenire, published on March 20th, 2025
Diploma to the first 40 students of OPIT, Open Institute of Technology. Rector Profumo: “It is the first chapter of a path of continuous growth with new courses”
First graduates from OPIT (Open Institute of Technology), an exclusively online academic institution accredited at European level based in the Maltese capital Valletta. At the end of a study program that began in September 2023, 40 students from 6 continents have obtained a master’s degree in Applied Data Science & AI. The topics chosen for the theses are innovative: use of large language models for the creation of chatbots in the ed-tech field, digitalization of customer support processes in the paper and non-woven fabric industry, up to personal data protection systems and the use of Artificial Intelligence for environmental sustainability, predictive models for the prevention of disasters linked to climate change, fight against money laundering, new perspectives of generative AI in the legal field (with a focus on Italian startups such as Giurimatrix). The theses were also developed in collaboration with partner companies such as Neperia, Sintica, Cosmico, Dylog, Buffetti Finance and Hype.
“With these 40 graduates we celebrate the first chapter of a path that will continue to grow with a consolidation of the current educational offering, new courses, doctoral programs, applied research and increasingly advanced training opportunities”, underlines the rector of OPIT, Francesco Profumo.
OPIT currently offers six degree courses (a three-year degree in Modern Computer Science, a master’s degree in Applied Data Science & AI, a three-year degree in Digital Business and the master’s degrees in Enterprise Cybersecurity, Digital Business and Innovation and Responsible Artificial Intelligence), with a total catchment area of over 300 students from 78 countries and 6 continents, with an average age of 35. 80% of the enrolled population is represented by working students, destined to double based on projections on the number of students enrolled in degrees starting in 2025. This year, moreover, the research area will also develop, paving the way, in the coming years, for doctoral programs and aligning itself even more with what universities around the world already do.
“The success of this first class of graduates represents a significant milestone for OPIT and confirms our mission: to offer a high-level technological education, accessible globally and able to concretely respond to the needs of a constantly evolving job market”, recalls Riccardo Ocleppo, founder of OPIT.

Source:
- MediaKey, published on February 27th, 2025
For the third consecutive year, Open Institute of Technology has entrusted Simone Guzzardi’s agency with the PR activities and management of the LinkedIn profile of the rector, former Minister Francesco Profumo
Throughout 2025, the L45 team will support OPIT in the most strategic PR activities to strengthen brand awareness and reputation, leveraging the many visibility opportunities that the panorama of excellent online education offers today. In fact, it is a market that is experiencing unprecedented economic growth, thanks to the growing demand for quality skills to face the challenges of this fundamental transition era. In fact, it is estimated that the global online training market in 2026 will double the value it had in 2020, going from 185 billion dollars to 388 billion dollars, and even reaching, according to some, 1000 billion by 2032.
Thanks to the commitment of the founder and director Riccardo Ocleppo, OPIT has recently expanded its educational offering, including 6 degree courses, less than three years after its birth: two three-year degrees in Digital Business and Modern Computer Science, alongside the master’s degrees in Digital Business & Innovation, Responsible Artificial Intelligence, Enterprise Cybersecurity and Applied Data Science & AI.

Source:
- Times of Malta, published on March 18th, 2025
Ricardo Ocleppo, founder of OPIT.
OPIT’s high-profile international teaching staff have been recruited from some of the best universities in the world, including Tier-1 institutes in the US, UK, Canada, Sweden, France, Germany, Italy, Brazil, Poland, Lebanon, and Spain.
On his part, Ricardo Ocleppo shared his reflections on how OPIT is dedicated to producing graduates who are not only job-ready but also prepared to lead the way in an ever-changing technological landscape.
Both Ocleppo and Profumo say they are on a mission to unlock students’ progress and employment on a global scale by providing high-quality and affordable education – a model based on the need for quality, flexibility, inclusivity, and the acquisition of crucial skills in future-ready sectors such as Artificial Intelligence.
OPIT’s student-centric approach delivers a combination of online learning and interactive discussions within a collaborative environment fostering advancement and innovation, including live lessons, masterclasses, videos, quizzes, exercises, and more internally developed digital content that students can access at any time.
With several students and faculty joining remotely, the ceremony also saw graduates present their capstone projects, many of which exhibit real-world applications of emerging technology.
More information about OPIT is available here.
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